A very surprising transformation is changing the scientific landscape: 
sciences of all kinds (mathematical, physical, biological and social) 
are being influenced very deeply by a novel point of view which can only 
be called computational. In this talk I shall discuss four examples: In 
Mathematics, the P vs. NP problem is now one of the most important open 
mathematical questions. In Physics, quantum computation is stretching 
Quantum Theory to its limits. In Economics, notions of computational 
complexity are starting to influence the concept of equilibrium. And in 
Biology, recent algorithmic insights have led to a new understanding of 
the role of recombination in evolution. In all four instances, it is not 
that computations facilitate scientific discovery, but rather that ideas 
from the science of computing are providing new insights in these 
disciplines